Archlinux使用记录

Xorg

查看默认DPI
```
xdpyinfo | grep -B2 resolution
```
取消fcitx空格上屏时自动追加空格

配置里面找：选择唯一候选词的长度限制，设置成0

Pacman

清理无用的软件包
```
$ sudo pacman -Rs $(pacman -Qtdq)
```
查询依赖
```
$ sudo pacman -Qi
```
查询文件属于哪个软件包
```
$ sudo pacman -Qo /path/to/file
```
获取已安装软件包所包含文件的列表
```
$ sudo pacman -Ql package_name
```

Archlinux包无效或损坏（PGP签名）

$ sudo pacman -S archlinux-keyring archlinuxcn-keyring  
$ sudo pacman-key --init
$ sudo pacman-key --populate archlinux
$ sudo pacman-key --refresh-keys

备份当前软件包生成系统上安装的非本地软件包列表
```
$ comm -23 <(pacman -Qeq|sort) <(pacman -Qmq|sort) > .backup/pkglist
```
重装系统后，把pkglist复制到新系统
```
$ sudo pacman -S $(< .backup/pkglist)
```

GRUB2美化

1. 主题

安装主题
```
sudo pacman -S breeze-grub
```

启用主题

修改 /etc/default/grub

GRUB_THEME="/usr/share/grub/themes/breeze/theme.txt"

生成配置文件

sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

2. 字体

grub-mkfont用于将字体文件转换成pf2文件，用于grub的显示的字体文件。
```
sudo grub-mkfont -o ~/wqy-zenhei.pf2 -n wqy-zenhei fontname.ttc
```
-o 用来制定输出的文件，文件名一般以 pf2 为后缀，
-s 用来指定字体的大小，-n 用来制定字体的名字。

将字体移至grub主题的文件夹中：

sudo mv ~/wqy-zenhei.pf2 /boot/grub/themes/Vimix/

修改主题配置文件，将新生成的字体替换。

使用grub-mkconfig命令更新grub：

sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

Lightdm

1. 安装

sudo pacman -S lightdm

2. 安装Greeter

greeter 是提示用户输入密码的 GUI 界面。

sudo pacman -S lightdm-gtk-greeter lightdm-gtk-greeter-settings

或：

sudo pacman -S lightdm-slick-greeter

3. 启用

sudo systemctl enable -f lightdm.service

4. 从SLIM迁移

mv .xinitrc .xprofile

删除调用 窗口管理器 或 桌面环境 的部分。

5. 双显卡黑屏解决方案

安装N卡驱动和xorg-xrandr：

$ sudo pacman -S nvidia nvidia-utils xorg-xrandr

新建文件 /etc/lightdm/display_setup.sh 并增加可执行权限，文件内容：
```
xrandr --setprovideroutputsource modesetting NVIDIA-0
xrandr --auto
```

在 /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf 内增加语句：

display-setup-script=/etc/lightdm/display_setup.sh

生成 xorg.conf ，并修改内容：

$ sudo nvidia-xconfig

Section "Module"
Load "modesetting"
EndSection

Section "Device"
Identifier     "Device0"
Driver         "nvidia"
VendorName     "NVIDIA Corporation"
BusID          "PCI:1:0:0"
Option         "AllowEmptyInitialConfiguration"
EndSection

Udiskie和Dolphin自动挂载

安装和启用

sudo pacman -S udiskie

要在独立窗口管理器中启动udiskie作为后台程序，请在~/.xinitrc中添加以下行：

udiskie &

&表示程序将在后台运行，要停止udiskie，只需输入：

pkill udiskie

权限设置

1. 加入sotrage组

sudo gpasswd -a yoursaf storage

2. udiskie开启ntfs3读写权限

/etc/udisks2/mount_config.conf:

[defaults]
ntfs_defaults=uid=$UID,gid=$GID,
ntfs_allow=uid=$UID,gid=$GID,umask,dmask,fmask,locale,norecover,ignore_case,compression,nocompression,big_writes,nls,nohidden,sys_immutable,sparse,showmeta,prealloc,noatime

3. Dolphin开启权限

https://github.com/coldfix/udiskie/wiki/Permissions

https://gist.github.com/Scrumplex/8f528c1f63b5f4bfabe14b0804adaba7

Polkit rules for udisks, and udisks2. Compatible with udiskie and Dolphin.

Create the file /etc/polkit-1/rules.d/50-udiskie.rules with permissions 644, and with the following contents:

 // Original rules: https://github.com/coldfix/udiskie/wiki/Permissions 
// Changes: Added org.freedesktop.udisks2.filesystem-mount-system, as this is used by Dolphin.

polkit.addRule(function(action, subject) { 
var YES = polkit.Result.YES; 
// NOTE: there must be a comma at the end of each line except for the last: 
var permission = { 
// required for udisks1: 
"org.freedesktop.udisks.filesystem-mount": YES, 
"org.freedesktop.udisks.luks-unlock": YES, 
"org.freedesktop.udisks.drive-eject": YES, 
"org.freedesktop.udisks.drive-detach": YES, 
// required for udisks2: 
"org.freedesktop.udisks2.filesystem-mount": YES, 
"org.freedesktop.udisks2.encrypted-unlock": YES, 
"org.freedesktop.udisks2.eject-media": YES, 
"org.freedesktop.udisks2.power-off-drive": YES, 
// Dolphin specific 
"org.freedesktop.udisks2.filesystem-mount-system": YES, 
// required for udisks2 if using udiskie from another seat (eg systemd): 
"org.freedesktop.udisks2.filesystem-mount-other-seat": YES, 
"org.freedesktop.udisks2.filesystem-unmount-others": YES, 
"org.freedesktop.udisks2.encrypted-unlock-other-seat": YES, 
"org.freedesktop.udisks2.eject-media-other-seat": YES, 
"org.freedesktop.udisks2.power-off-drive-other-seat": YES 
}; 
if (subject.isInGroup("storage")) { 
return permission[action.id]; 
} 
});

命令行禁用触摸板

1. 列出设备

$ xinput list

  ⎡ Virtual core pointer                        id=2    [master pointer  (3)]
  ⎜   ↳ Virtual core XTEST pointer                      id=4    [slave  pointer  (2)]
  ⎜   ↳ Logitech M585/M590                              id=10   [slave  pointer  (2)]
  ⎜   ↳ SYNA2B46:00 06CB:CD5F Mouse                     id=12   [slave  pointer  (2)]
  ⎜   ↳ SYNA2B46:00 06CB:CD5F Touchpad                  id=13   [slave  pointer  (2)]

2. 列出设备属性

$ xinput list-props devicename/ID

$ xinput list-props "SYNA2B46:00 06CB:CD5F Touchpad"

  Device 'SYNA2B46:00 06CB:CD5F Touchpad':
          Device Enabled (192): 1
          Coordinate Transformation Matrix (194):       1.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 1.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 0.000000, 1.000000
          Device Accel Profile (314):   1
          Device Accel Constant Deceleration (315):     2.500000
          Device Accel Adaptive Deceleration (316):     1.000000
          Device Accel Velocity Scaling (317):  12.500000
          Synaptics Edges (342):        46, 1125, 30, 541
          ......
          Synaptics Off (355):  0
          ......

3. 设置设备属性

$ xinput set-prop device property values

$ xinput set-prop "SYNA2B46:00 06CB:CD5F Touchpad" "Synaptics Off" 1

$ xinput set-prop 13 355 1

4. 启动桌面时自动禁用

~/.xprofile:

xinput set-prop "SYNA2B46:00 06CB:CD5F Touchpad" "Synaptics Off" 1

dolphin

dolphin无法搜索本地文件，可运行 balooctl check 重新进行索引。

显卡检测

列出显卡型号
```
$ lspci -k | grep -A 2 -E "(VGA|3D)"
```
安装 mesa-demos ，用以下命令可以查看当前在用的显卡驱动。
```
glxinfo | grep -i intel
or:
glxinfo | grep -i nvidia
```

安装 virtualgl

glxspheres64 可以用来检测帧数。

电源管理

1. 软件包

安装软件包 acpid ，并启动服务：

$ sudo pacman -S acpid 
$ sudo systemctl enable acpid.service

安装软件包 mate-power-manager ，编辑~/.xprofile：

mate-power-manager &

2. 设置

检测按键

journalctl -f
or:
acpi_listen

插拔外接电源时自动设置屏幕亮度

检查 /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/max_brightness 的数值。

修改 /etc/acpi/handler.sh ：

ac_adapter)
 case "$2" in
     AC|ACAD|ADP|ACPI*)
         case "$4" in
             00000000)
                 logger 'AC unpluged'
                 echo -n 72000 > /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness
                 ;;
             00000001)
                 logger 'AC pluged'
                 echo -n 120000 > /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness
                 ;;
         esac
         ;;
     *)
         logger "ACPI action undefined: $2"
         ;;
 esac
 ;;

管理笔记本的音量键

/etc/acpi/events/vol-d

event=button/volumedown
action=amixer set Master 5-

/etc/acpi/events/vol-m

event=button/mute
action=amixer set Master toggle

/etc/acpi/events/vol-u

event=button/volumeup
action=amixer set Master 5+

无线网络自动连接

sudo systemctl enable netctl.service
sudo netctl enable yourprofile

Wps-office

wps-office-cn 的可选依赖：

cups: for printing support
libjpeg-turbo: JPEG image codec support [已安装]
pango: for complex (right-to-left) text support [已安装]
curl: An URL retrieval utility and library [已安装]
ttf-wps-fonts: Symbol fonts required by wps-office
ttf-ms-fonts: Microsft Fonts recommended for wps-office
wps-office-fonts: FZ TTF fonts provided by wps community
wps-office-mime-cn: Use mime files provided by Kingsoft
wps-office-mui-zh-cn: zh_CN support for WPS Office